Periodontology Department is a branch of dentistry that examines the health of hard and soft tissues around teeth and implants, and aims to diagnose and treat the disease of these tissues and to protect the health obtained after treatment.
Healthy gums have an appearance that does not bleed spontaneously or during brushing/flossing, light pink in color, tight consistency, non-swelling, and ends by thinning like a knife-edge on the tooth surface.
In each individual, soft bacterial layer accumulation called microbial dental plaque is observed on all tooth surfaces, between teeth and at the tooth-gingival junction. When this plaque cannot be sufficiently removed with a toothbrush and dental floss, an environment that allows harmful bacterial species to live is formed and harmful bacteria gradually multiply. The harmful substances produced by bacteria cause inflammation in the gums and melting of the bone surrounding the teeth. In addition, microbial dental plaque hardens over time and turns into dental calculus. More plaque accumulates on the calculus, which has a rough structure, and the progression of gum disease accelerates.
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Gum diseases always start with simple gingivitis. Bleeding in the gums is the most prominent finding. If left untreated, it can progress to severe infections (periodontitis), in which the jaw bones melt and the teeth are lost by shaking. With the disease, the gums swell, redden, bleed and recede. Tooth lengthens, teeth change places, gaps occur, teeth begin to shake, bad breath occurs. In smokers, bleeding is less felt due to the effects of nicotine on the vessels, which can mask the disease and prevent it from being noticed.
In many ways, the mouth is a mirror of the body's overall health. Although gingival diseases are mainly caused by plaque accumulation on the teeth, some systemic diseases affect the tissues around the teeth. Uncontrolled diabetes increases the severity of gum disease. On the other hand, gum diseases also threaten general health. The mechanisms of occurrence of periodontal diseases and heart diseases are similar, and the incidence of heart attack in people with oral infections is 25% higher than in individuals without infection. In uncontrolled diabetes patients, gum treatment also positively affects diabetes. In addition, gum diseases can cause problems such as premature birth and low birth weight in pregnant women.
The first step of the treatment is the removal of hard deposits on the teeth with special tools by your doctor. In order for the treatment to be successful, you will be taught how to clean the disease-causing microbial dental plaque with the right technique with a brush and dental floss. In simple gingivitis, this treatment alone may be sufficient. In more severe infections, to treat inflamed, enlarged or receding gingiva, 'pockets' between the teeth and gums due to bone resorption, and bone resorption, which is performed under local anesthesia and in some cases, auxiliary biomaterials (such as bone powder, membrane) are used. periodontal surgical procedures are applied. In some cases, enlarged gums are removed painlessly, without bleeding and without stitches, with state-of-the-art devices such as lasers.
After all these applications, patients are taken for 3-6-12 month check-ups to maintain their gum health. How often you will come for control will be determined by your doctor according to the severity of the disease and the presence of some risk factors. Your brushing and interface cleaning will be re-evaluated at each control. The success of gingival treatment is directly related to the patient's compliance and motivation to the treatment. With the treatment, it is aimed to stop the progression of the disease, to enable the patient to clean effectively by himself, and to keep the natural teeth of the individuals in the mouth for many years in a way that they can function comfortably. After a successful gingival treatment, the gingiva becomes light pink in color, non-bleeding and hard-consistent, the loosening of the teeth regresses, and the problem of bad breath disappears.